SAT閱讀詞匯題與寫作基調(diào)題型解析

　　SAT閱讀詞匯題與寫作基調(diào)題型解析（廣州智美教育 吳艷）

　　對(duì)于SAT閱讀部分的考試，題型的難易是有差別的。在SAT的眾多題型中，比較容易把握住的題型是詞匯word meaning、寫作基調(diào)tone、作者態(tài)度attitude、作者評(píng)論comment這幾類。在本篇講解中，我們先來(lái)看這樣幾類題型，幫助大家把容易拿到分?jǐn)?shù)的題型先熟悉并且解決，這樣，就可以在閱讀考試中增加正確率，也可以提高做題的速度。

　　一、詞匯題Word meaning

　　對(duì)于此類題目，我們需要把選項(xiàng)中的詞匯帶回原文，選擇適合原文語(yǔ)境的選項(xiàng)，也就是說(shuō)，同義詞的選項(xiàng)不一定是正確的選項(xiàng)。值得注意的是，在尋找原文的語(yǔ)境時(shí)，不可只看題干詞匯所在的那一句或是半句，而是要結(jié)合上下文，至少是題干詞匯所在位置前后的2-3句話。

　　廣州智美教育 老師舉例：

　　In line 43, “fair” most nearly means

　　A. right

　　B. attractive

　　C. impartial

　　D. adequate

　　E. moderate

　　原文：Finally, I felt the sullen rage of one whose suggestions have been systematically rejected and I exploded. “Why don’t you stop? It’s not fair to look at people and then not stop!”

　　在這個(gè)例子中，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，文章要表現(xiàn)對(duì)于“父親”不停車的事實(shí)表示憤怒，所以劃線部分應(yīng)該選擇“合理”、“正確”之意，貼近于題干同義詞的選項(xiàng)是A和C, 我們把每個(gè)選項(xiàng)帶回原文中，發(fā)現(xiàn)A項(xiàng)是正確的。

　　舉例2：

　　In line 74, “homely” most nearly means

　　A. simple

　　B. ugly

　　C. domestic

　　D. secure

　　E. comfortable

　　原文：She encouraged me to listen carefully to what country people called mother wit. That in those homely sayings was couched the collective wisdom of generations.

　　在這個(gè)例子中，我們可以找到homely所在句子的前后有對(duì)比的含義，也就是說(shuō)“在homely的語(yǔ)錄中蘊(yùn)含著幾代人的智慧”。因此，我們要找的含義為“簡(jiǎn)單”、“單調(diào)”等等，與homely同義的選項(xiàng)有A和B項(xiàng)，正確的答案為A。

　　還有一個(gè)明顯偏離同義選項(xiàng)的例子：

　　In context, the word “visited” (line 35) most nearly means

　　A. called on

　　B. shared an experience with

　　C. resided temporarily with

　　D. haunted

　　E. afflicted

　　原文：This was a hard thing to bear, but this was nothing. I had not advanced another two hundred yards, when, to my inexpressible terror, amazement, and indignation, I again beheld Trabb’s boy approaching. He was coming round a narrow corner. His blue bag was slung over his shoulder, honest industry beamed in his eyes, a determination to proceed to Trabb’s with cheerful briskness was indicated in his gait. With a shock he became aware of me, and was severely visited as before; but this time his motion was rotatory, and he staggered round and round me with knees more afflicted, and ...

　　在這個(gè)例子中，visited的同義選項(xiàng)為A項(xiàng)，但是根據(jù)原文的意思，不應(yīng)該選擇“被拜訪的”含義，根據(jù)本句及上文的內(nèi)容，通過(guò)排除法可以判斷出，選擇的是E項(xiàng)。

　　二、寫作基調(diào)tone

　　對(duì)于寫作基調(diào)的題目，我們可以概括地講，比例略大一些的題目是選擇比較消極的基調(diào)，比如諷刺、后悔、難過(guò)等等，其他的題目涉及的基調(diào)則種類比較多樣，比如堅(jiān)定、欣賞、分析、樂(lè)觀等等。這種題的做題方法是在原文中尋找?guī)в忻黠@感情色彩的詞匯或句子，或者看原文的句式及標(biāo)志性的詞匯，根據(jù)這些提示性的內(nèi)容判斷文章的基調(diào)。我們來(lái)看下面的例子：

　　Overall, the narrator’s tone in the passage is best described as

　　A. celebratory

　　B. reverent

　　C. confident

　　D. condescending

　　E. regretful

　　原文：

　　I had sold out.

　　I hadn’t played square with my myth.

　　I had betrayed that order.

　　It was no good soothing myself with...

　　在上面的句子中，通過(guò)sold out/ hadn’t played square/betrayed/no good soothing首先可以判斷出，選擇消極的基調(diào)，然后根據(jù)含義，選擇E項(xiàng)。

　　再來(lái)看下面的例子：

　　The tone of the opening sentence of each passage is best described as

　　A. pensive

　　B. ironic

　　C. hyperbolic

　　D. assured

　　E. reverent

　　原文：

　　Variable work schedules are an inexpensive way for employers to offer their workers greater flexibility.

　　Fusion of home and work will bring an end to weekends.

　　在原文的兩個(gè)句子中，我們可以分析出，句子為陳述句，而且為下定義的語(yǔ)氣，因此答案選擇D項(xiàng)。

　　第三個(gè)例子：

　　The author’s tone in the final paragraph is best described as

　　A. impatient

　　B. anxious

　　C. apologetic

　　D. optimistic

　　E. emotional

　　原文：Perhaps my brown rice needs packaging, a frame that links the natural food community with a Japanese American sensibility. I imagine a type of brown rice sushi, with the rice encased within nori seaweed, a literal and symbolic wrapping within Japanese tradition. Brown rice then would no longer substitute for white rice on a dinner plate but rather be a creative, alternative form of making and serving food.

　　劃線的部分出現(xiàn)了比較多的積極、預(yù)測(cè)的含義，因此，根據(jù)原文含義，我們可以選擇D項(xiàng)。

　?。ㄎ赐甏m(xù)）